International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
type: channel
description: The 1st International Conference on Virtual City and Territory (CTV), Barcelona-2004, was conceived by the Centre for Land Policy and Valuations (CPSV), as a meeting place to present developments in virtual models and tools for representing the built environment. This has continued, alternately between Europe and Latin America, organized by the CPSV, with the support of the Architecture, City and Environment International Network, and local organizing committees. Maintaining its initial spirit, social and environmental topics have been incorporated, always with an impact on territorial and urban areas. Its proceedings are published in Open Access Journal, with access and free consultation.
publisher: Centre de Politica de Sol i Valoracions, CPSV / Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, UPC
language: en
publication name: International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
issn: 2604-6512
items: Climate Change, regional and urban planning
items: From Energy Efficiency to Ecological Transition. Urban Rehabilitation as a Driver of Change
items: Secondary Railways and Inner Areas in Italy. Planning and Economic Opportunities
items: Urban quality, mobility, quality of life. A grammar for the rebirth of the city. A proposal for the new "industry quarter" in Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona
items: The Agenda for A Digital and Ecological Future
items: Identification of points of tourist interest through social network data
items: Verticality in tourist housing. The transformation process of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico
items: Urban climate project in Palma de Mallorca: Eje Alomar - Rosselló
items: Spatial definition of the cooling effect of urban green spaces using remote sensing: Case studies in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area
items: Seasonal variations in the cooling effect of Barcelona's urban parks: an approach using remote sensing
items: Dose the University Built Environment Matter for Students' Quality of Academic Life: A Case Study of Female Students in a Saudi University
items: The Relationship Between Infrastructure/Mobility and Urban Fabrics Produced by PMCMV Ventures in the Functional Metropolitan Area (AMF) of the Metropolitan Region of Natal-RN/Brazil
items: Inclusive housing production through Urban Renewal processes: the case of the Partial Plan of the Phoenician Triangle in Bogotá – Colombia
items: Tree canopy cover estimation by means of remotely sensed data for large geographical areas: overview, available data, and proposal
items: Ground level permeability as indicator of walkability in cities
items: The Right to the City from residential exclusion: The evolution of vulnerable neighborhoods in the Valencian Community
items: Comparative study of urban eco-efficiency. Case study: Sarrià district - Sant Gervasi
items: Improving Local Climate Zones Automatic Classification Based on Physic-Morphological Urban Features
items: Methodology to determine more sustainable locations for social housing complexes in Valdivia, Chile
items: Parametric Modeling of Urban Coastal Areas: Visualizing Alternative Scenarios for Participatory Planning
items: Green infrastructure as a tool for urban adaptation and mitigation in the city of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
items: Cultural Heritage and the Digital Age
items: Dispersed growth and its metropolitanization process
items: Climatic study in the High-Andean region and the analysis of bioclimatic indicators of potential application in architectural design
items: Critical and Gender Urban Planning. Case Study in Coia, Vigo
items: Measuring Gentrification Processes in Barcelona and Madrid: A Methodological Proposal
items: Modelling a New Workflow Based on Emotional Analysis of the Floor-Plans Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Semiotics
items: Daily Mobility of University Students. Case of the Faculty of Architecture of the Central University of Ecuador
items: Soil Resistance, The Invisible Landscape
items: Urban Interventions with A Sustainability Focus: Strategy Against Informality in Montería, Colombia

Climate Change, regional and urban planning
type: item
description: Global warming is an unequivocal fact, increasingly affecting the ecosystems of the entire planet, with the consequent increase in singular events (heat waves, torrential floods, droughts, storms, ...). Climate Change (CC), in addition, is reinforced in cities by the presence of different phenomena such as the Urban Heat Island, air pollution, soil waterproofing or low albedo. In this context, it is essential to radically rethink the historically inherited urban development model, promoting the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. It is also necessary to know the effects of CC on the population and develop methodologies conducive to improving environmental conditions by adapting cities to climate change and reducing their effects on the population, both from territorial planning and urban design.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
subject: regional planning
  topic: keywords
subject: urban planning
  topic: keywords
creator: Coord. Blanca Arellano Ramos
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2019-12-30
publication date: 2019-12-30

From Energy Efficiency to Ecological Transition. Urban Rehabilitation as a Driver of Change
type: item
description: This article deals with the results obtained in a research being carried out within the framework of the project "EnerValor" (EnerValor, 2015), with the aim of analysing the positive effects that an intersectional regulatory framework can achieve in the process of ecological transition undertaken from the Spanish State. In this process highlights as a fundamental element the improvement of the energy efficiency conditions of buildings, both new construction and those undergoing rehabilitation (art. 3.3) (Real Decreto Legislativo 7/2015). The methodology used has consisted in the analysis and evaluation of several mandatory standards in areas such as urban planning, the environment and the building industry and always referring to new residential buildings and refurbishment of existing ones to achieve the strategic objectives set out in the European Energy Action Plan: 2020, 20% reduction in consumption, 20% introduction of renewables, 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions ([COM(2010) 639 final de 10.11.2010]). Together with this, the next milestone is that of Europe 2030 developed through a framework for action on climate change and energy policy. This framework aims to support progress towards the development of a competitive economy and a secure energy system (Plan Nacional de Adaptación al Cambio Climático, PNACC). The norms analysed have as a common thread the Law of Urban Land and Rehabilitation because, based on the principle of sustainable urban and territorial development, it prescribes that regulation, planning, occupation, transformation and land use have as their common purpose their use in the general interest. Natural resources need to be used rationally by harmonizing the requirements of the economy, employment, social cohesion, equal treatment and opportunities, health and safety of people and environmental protection (art. 3.1 y art. 3.2) (Real Decreto Legislativo 7/2015). This Law requires the evaluation and monitoring of the sustainability of u…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Energy efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: eco-transition
  topic: keywords
subject: urban sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Consuelo del Moral Ávila
creator: Luis Delgado Méndez
creator: Carlos Marmolejo Duarte
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8745

Secondary Railways and Inner Areas in Italy. Planning and Economic Opportunities
type: item
description: The 90s European policy about railway liberalization, to promoting a modern infrastructure network for railway transportation, aimed to increase competition among national players, to exploit the opportunities related to the new technology opportunities and to make easier and faster all connections between the hinterland and the main cities. Up to today, European investments are focused on the main areas and the high-speed railway because, even if the number of users is a minority with respect the overall population, the profitability of the investment is significantly higher with respect to the average of the transportation industry. This strategy has increased the difference between high growth and low growth areas with the former served by efficient transportation facilities and the latter characterized by low quality level transportation services. The lack of good transportation serviced in the hinterland increased significantly the risk of creating new ghost towns because a lot of citizens were obliged to migrate to the bigger cities due to the lack economic opportunities and public services offered to citizens in the area. In Italy population is living mainly in hinterlands served by local railway services that due to the low quality of the service offered are often underutilized and sometimes the railway company decides to stop offering the service. The main target for the future will be to develop a new policy (at European and national level) for supporting the growth of local railways starting from the change of the regulatory framework at Country and European community level. The new infrastructure, urban planning, economic, and social framework has to support the development of local railways in order to revitalize dismissed areas and low density towns and to support their role for the society and the environment. In fact, the railway service is one of the main instrument in order to avoid the exclusion of people living in small towns from job opportuniti…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Liberalization
  topic: keywords
subject: secondary railways
  topic: keywords
subject: inner areas
  topic: keywords
subject: economic opportunities
  topic: keywords
creator: Mario Cerasoli
creator: Gianluca Mattarocci
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8746

Urban quality, mobility, quality of life. A grammar for the rebirth of the city. A proposal for the new "industry quarter" in Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona
type: item
description: A strict connection exists between mobility patterns and urban quality. You don’t need to be an expert to appreciate how some places are more welcoming than others and how, most of the times, those same places are the ones deprived of an object that has been affecting our lives for decades: the car. The automobile allowed the diffusion of settlement patterns characterized by urban sprawl - clearly inspired by the United States - which, where not well regulated, became a “mandatory” instrument for transportation. The big contemporary cities, dominated by the car, have grown following the model of “urban sprawl” in which public space has completely lost its role of “urban armor” and the criteria of urban quality have been completely set apart. Following this growth pattern, the city appears today comprised of fragments that, integrating with the consolidated or historical fabric, produce friction. Today the concept of “sustainability” imposes a change in the settlement patterns, abandoning the globalized culture of suburbanization in favor of urban regeneration. Within this context, public space must once again play a fundamental role in mending the urban fragments produced during the decades of incessant growth of the city and in restoring its quality. Furthermore, urban fragments and residual spaces, too little valued and often forgotten, represent today for the communities that inhabit them an opportunity to rescue their own feeling of belonging and community. Citizens must therefore “reclaim” these parts of the city through the (re)construction of public space, basing on criteria that ensure the urban quality of the project: - participation: since the inclusion of the people who will have to animate those spaces cannot be underestimated, but rather, plays a key role; - cultural valuation: since the recovery of what were the places of memory, the foundation of the community, cannot have a marginal function; - quality of the environment: since guaranteeing biodivers…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban quality
  topic: keywords
subject: mobility
  topic: keywords
subject: quality of life
  topic: keywords
subject: theoretical grid
  topic: keywords
subject: urban regeneration
  topic: keywords
creator: Mario Cerasoli
creator: Ilaria Pandolfi
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8747

The Agenda for A Digital and Ecological Future
type: item
description: Ecology often criticizes the impacts of digitization considering it as a symbol of global acceleration and globalization of flows. Moreover, there is little doubt that digitization actors are rather moved by opportunities related to economic value creation than any consideration about their risks or impacts. Based on these considerations, the convergence between the two sectors seems very difficult. However, the Internet New Generation Foundation (FING), a French think tank that defines its mission as concretely imagining a digitization with a future and focused on human capabilities, observed the following: “The ecological transition is the horizon of our societies and the digital transition, the great transforming force of our time. The first knows her destination, but it is hard for her to draw her way; the second is our day to day; a permanent force of change but that does not pursue any specific collective objective. One has the objective, the other the way: these two transitions need each other!” With this idea, the project of an Agenda for a digital and ecological future* was born in 2015. It was published in March 2019, after 3 years of collaborative work, in association with ADEME or IDDRI among others. It is aimed at researchers, companies, organizations, public actors, media, etc., to disseminate their recommendations. This Agenda seeks collaboration between digitization and ecology based on the conviction that digital transformation has no meaning, nor future, if it does not consider its own ecological footprint and does not mobilize to act against climate change and the other consequences of human activity. To achieve this convergence, it marks new paths or existing paths to be reviewed or promoted that are classified in 5 principles (which the agenda details in 20 challenges): 1. Technology does not provide solutions, but solutions can produce technologies. To contribute to the ecological transition, digitization must participate in alternative models …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ecology
  topic: keywords
subject: Digitization
  topic: keywords
subject: Open source
  topic: keywords
subject: Tech for Good
  topic: keywords
creator: Marike Charlier
creator: Renaud Francou
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8749

Identification of points of tourist interest through social network data
type: item
description: In most European cities, mass tourism is becoming a major industry, but the effects of the increasing visitor pressure are beginning to be negatively perceived by its inhabitants. Local authorities must implement policies that modulate these activities so they can coexist and become compatible with the daily life of the local population. However, these policies must take into consideration that tourist activity tends to concentrate in very specific areas, which must be clearly identified before implementing specific taxation schemes, or requiring the procurement of a mandatory license for certain activities. To clearly designate these areas, this research proposes using social media data to identify hot spots of visitor activity in Barcelona, as an emerging source of information for stakeholders in their decision-making process, using as a case of study more than 75,000 geotagged pictures collected the Panoramio picture sharing community through its Application Programming Interface. This data-driven approach to urban analysis must address some of the issues of what some authors describe as “the 4 V’s of Big Data”: volume, variety, velocity, and veracity. In particular, this research is especially sensitive to two aspects (volume and veracity) that must to be addressed accordingly. In the case of its volume, the large number of locations made conventional spatial data analysis challenging, while in the case of veracity, the informal nature of the source data reduced the confidence on location precision. The methodology followed a principled approach based on spatial statistics, focusing on the spatial distribution of locations analyzed using kernel density estimation (KDE), with the bandwidth determined to identify general trends at the intended scale of analysis and reduce spatial noise. However, the analysis of the density of photographs in isolation ignores the spatial variation of the intensity of use within the city, since a greater concentration of photographs…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social media
  topic: keywords
subject: tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: Big Data
  topic: keywords
subject: urban spatial analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Francesc Valls Dalmau
creator: Josep Roca Cladera
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8755

Verticality in tourist housing. The transformation process of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico
type: item
description: Due to its popularity as a tourist destination, the city of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico is experiencing an intense urban growth, primarily as a migratory flow of new residents, that manifests itself through the appearance of new buildings that consist, primarily, of vertical tourist housing, according to the architectural terminology used in the urban-planning of the city. In these new schemes, tourist housing plays a decisive role in the territorial reconfiguration of the city. It triggers the tendency to verticalization which, in turn, promotes new architectural attributes that change the urban landscape. All this has been done, so far, in an extractive mode. That is why in this research I have asked myself the following questions: what urban-planning and architectural factors should impact the option of verticality in tourist housing in the city of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco; and what urban-planning processes are affected by tourist housing, and what is the response to the trend towards verticalization in the city of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco?, the objective is to identify; and demonstrate the architectural and urban factors that have led to the urban transformation, and have influenced the trend towards verticality in tourist housing in the municipality of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco and to identify; the new architectural attributes, to develop the concept of densification as expressed through verticality in tourist housing, and to identify; recent and current urban transformations as a result of this process. This methodology is being completed using the qualitative analytical method, by means of the technique of participant observation in the previously selected places of interest.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Verticality
  topic: keywords
subject: redensification
  topic: keywords
subject: tourist housing
  topic: keywords
subject: compact city
  topic: keywords
creator: David Israel Bustos Bernal
creator: Jorge Ignacio Chavoya Gama
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8763

Urban climate project in Palma de Mallorca: Eje Alomar - Rosselló
type: item
description: Climate change and urban heat island effects are no longer discussed anywhere, and its consequences will be the new paradigm with which we will face in the near future, in fact, we are suffering many of these effects in the present. Even though we already have the scientific knowledge and the right tools, there weren't significant changes in the methodology of urban developments. his article exposes the need for a metropolitan understanding of the urban environment, a complete analysis of the area (demographic, socio-economic, mobility, regulatory, climatic and the effects of climate change), the development of a climate behavior map of Climatops, the corroboration of the existence of an urban heat island effect in the region, the development of a map of climate recommendations, and the subsequent development of an urban climate project in the municipality of Palma de Mallorca focused on three areas of action: the improvement of urban green, generation of quality public space, and the promotion of more sustainable mobility. In addition, the project will be subjected to climate simulations to determine and quantify the effects it will have on local climate behavior, as well as to verify its contribution as a mitigator of the urban heat island and climate change effects.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: climatopes
  topic: keywords
subject: urban planning
  topic: keywords
creator: Nicolas Uriel Architector
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8922

Spatial definition of the cooling effect of urban green spaces using remote sensing: Case studies in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area
type: item
description: Urban green spaces play a fundamental role in the climate change adaptation of the cities. Commonly, the high concentration of vegetation within cities is accompanied by an increase in humidity in the air and a greater projection of shadows on the surfaces. Which breaks the continuity of the artificialized ground cover distinctive of the cities and the high amount of solar radiation absorbed by it, which causes, in part, the urban heat island effect (UHI). In this sense, the green spaces register a reduction in temperature in relation to their urban context, which commonly extends over the closest surroundings. This effect is known as the urban green spaces cool island (GCI) and is commonly addressed through two indicators of magnitude: the extent and intensity of cooling. The cooling extent (Lmax) refers to a spatial indicator that describes the distance between the perimeter of the green space and the furthest point of the spread of its microclimatic effect on its surroundings. While the cooling intensity (ΔT) describes the temperature difference between the urban context and the green space. Given this, the literature has addressed the cooling quantification through three types of analysis of the climatic behavior of urban spaces: 1) field measurements, 2) numerical modeling and 3) remote sensing. In general, there is a broad consensus on the quantification of the cooling effect of green spaces by calculating the ΔT in the three types of approximations. However, the spatial definition of the cooling extent has been evolving in recent decades and presents an open panorama for methodological proposals that are appropriate to different contexts. Particularly, the recovery of the Land Surface Temperature (LST) from satellite images has allowed the inclusion of larger-scale microclimatic studies to discuss the spatial definition of the thermal influence of urban spaces through statistical approaches. Given this, the present work proposes a multiple-stage approach to s…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban parks cool island
  topic: keywords
subject: urban heat island
  topic: keywords
subject: urban microclimate
  topic: keywords
creator: Blanca Arellano
creator: Alan García-Haro
creator: Josep Roca
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8956

Seasonal variations in the cooling effect of Barcelona's urban parks: an approach using remote sensing
type: item
description: Urban parks are spaces of opportunity for the adaptation of cities to climate change. Its commonly abundant vegetation and unsealed surfaces, break the continuity of the artificial land cover that distinguishes urban areas, and generate a temperature reduction in relation to its context, which extends towards its surroundings and generates the so-called urban park cool island (PCI). Therefore, recognizing the role of the physical characteristics that define this effect is an opportunity to propose parameters of climate adaptation of cities and reduce health risks during extreme heat wave episodes. In recent years, the addition of the Land Surface Temperature (LST) to studies of the climatic behavior of urban spaces, has allowed addressing a greater number of cases with simultaneous thermal information in larger-scale areas. In this context, in this work we propose a remote sensing approach to the quantification of the seasonal variations of the cooling effect of the urban parks of Barcelona and the role of their design and location. Particularly, we highlight the relationship of the annual changes in the composition of the green spaces inside and around the parks with their microclimatic behavior. For this purpose, we calculate the PCI limit extension (Lmax) and intensity (ΔTmax) of 86 urban parks in the city of Barcelona, through a method of homogenization of the surrounding temperature using concentric rings, based on the LST of Landsat-8 OLI / TIRS satellite of representative days of the four seasons of the year. Subsequently, we analyze the correlation between these indicators and the physical attributes of shape, location and annual variations in the composition of the green spaces of the parks and their surroundings. Where we obtained the latter by quantifying changes in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the same satellite images. First results record that the urban parks in Barcelona has an average LST per season between 0.99 and 2.56ºC l…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Green spaces cool island
  topic: keywords
subject: urban heat island
  topic: keywords
subject: urban microclimate
  topic: keywords
creator: Alan García-Haro
creator: Blanca Arellano
creator: Josep Roca
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8957

Dose the University Built Environment Matter for Students' Quality of Academic Life: A Case Study of Female Students in a Saudi University
type: item
description: In recent years there has been increased concern over the quality of life (QOL) of individuals in many countries and cultures globally, including the Arab countries, specifically, Saudi Arabia (SA). SA has recently begun to improve the QOL of its population. One of the programs in the country’s 2030 vision focuses on this concept is called Quality of Life 2020. Youth represent the largest proportion of the population in SA. The age group of between15 and 64 years old, for example, represents about 65.4% of the total population in SA. Furthermore, Saudi Arabian women are an important part of the sustainable development of the country, and their empowerment is vital in SA’s 2030 vision. The quality of academic life (QOAL) is one dimension of an individual's general QOL, and it is specialized for academic institutions and can be an indicator of students' future professional life. University education is one of the educational stages that may affect the students' perception of themselves and their ability to feel independent and satisfied in meeting their needs; this means education impacts the quality of their lives, such as their willingness to join a job or have a family. Their satisfaction with achieving their personal and objective goals may affect their motivation for achievement and the quality of their academic performance. While many studies have investigated the concept of QOL in Western populations, including the QOAL of students in educational settings, this area of research is still in its infancy in SA. More specifically, the research on the QOAL in SA needs more attention from academics and researchers specializing in various fields. Many Western studies, for example, have examined the influence of the built environment on the QOAL and the overall perception of students' university experiences. However, none have been conducted on Saudi Arabian student populations. Thus, this study has two main objectives. The primary objective is to measure the level of …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Built Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality of Life
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Space
  topic: keywords
subject: University Facilities
  topic: keywords
creator: Eradah Omar Hamad
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8724

The Relationship Between Infrastructure/Mobility and Urban Fabrics Produced by PMCMV Ventures in the Functional Metropolitan Area (AMF) of the Metropolitan Region of Natal-RN/Brazil
type: item
description: The Región Metropolitana de Natal (RMN), as well as Brazil, has experienced in recent decades a growing increase in the urbanization process characterized by a discontinuous model of urban sprawl expansion and population concentration that resulted in significant alterations in the structures physical, social and economic of their cities. Consequently, there is a peripheral growth pattern, resulting from speculative behaviors that overlap the social function of urban land and reinforce its low occupational density, in addition to increasing distances, inefficiency of transport, rising social and private costs of urbanization and inefficiency of public administration in terms of urban sustainability. The process of creating a residential periphery is clearly consolidated by the predominance of low density and single-family housing in the RMN municipalities that distance themselves from their central city, presenting an urban dispersion; while, in the municipalities of the immediate environment - whose scale of analysis is the Intraurbana Metropolitan Region, which includes the municipalities of Natal, Parnamirim and São Gonçalo do Amarante, referred to in this research as Área Metropolitana Funcional (AMF). Note that the heterogeneity of urban tissues produced by the differentiation in the distribution of infrastructure items according to the data of the last census of Brazil conducted by the Instituto Brasilero de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE (2011) and the characteristics of the environment (paving, storm drain, sewage, cleaning and public lighting) reinforces the formation of an AMF marked by strong socio-spatial inequalities, fragmented with large areas of expansion and at the same time with concentration of housing typologies that constitute homogeneous areas of spots in the metropolitan territory that highlights the abrupt form of urbanization provided by residential real estate capital in the (re) configuration of the RMN. Recently, in the AMF, preliminary d…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Metropolitan Functional Area (AMF)
  topic: keywords
subject: Minha Casa Minha Vida Programme (PMCMV)
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobility
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban Infrastructure
  topic: keywords
creator: Tamms Maria da Conceição Morais Campos
creator: Bruna Caroline Pinto Campos
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8725

Inclusive housing production through Urban Renewal processes: the case of the Partial Plan of the Phoenician Triangle in Bogotá – Colombia
type: item
description: The main objective of this paper is to expose an example about the possibilities of land readjustment as a “third way” for land management and the availability of social housing in urban renewal projects. The example is a project situated in Bogotá’s downtown, promoted by the Universidad de los Andes. The project is in its first step of execution, nevertheless, is a referent for the city because its opening and participative process for formulation and the innovations in its proposal of actors’ association. The project includes the original owners as main participants and a diverse component of all kind of housing, like substitution housing, social housing and free housing for the developers and new residents. The scale of the project (9 blocks and 10 hectares of land) allows to comprehend the potentialities and the complexities or urban renewal and land readjustment as ways to promote the diverse and balanced supply of land, by both in relation with the composition of land uses and the socioeconomic composition and in the way to integrate and coordinate a wide range of public and private actors. In order to expand the relevant issues of this case, this paper is going to do, in first place, a brief contextualization of land readjustment, defining it as a tool and showing its importance in the Colombian urban legislation. Also, it will talk about the traditional ways of land management, the expropriation and the free market, demonstrating how the land readjustment is that “third way” for the management. Subsequently, it will show the Partial Plan process, pointing out the stages of formulation, the general, socioeconomic and housing characterization of the project area. The analysis of the way in which it be promoted the participation and deliberation between a wide range of actors (owners, public authorities, traders, communitarian organizations) in the formulation and execution stages of the project shows the virtues and the complexities of new ways of urban govern…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban Renewal
  topic: keywords
subject: Land Readjustment
  topic: keywords
subject: Gentrification
  topic: keywords
subject: Governance
  topic: keywords
creator: Juan Felipe Pinilla
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8730

Tree canopy cover estimation by means of remotely sensed data for large geographical areas: overview, available data, and proposal
type: item
description: Climate change and global warming requires a strong boost to sustainable growth strategies. In particular, urban green management and planning is becoming a crucial and at the same time critical aspect. Therefore, urban green requires being accurately mapped, quantified and monitored over time. In this study we propose a cost-effective but reliable approach for the automatic classification and quantification of the tree canopy cover over extended geographical areas. The classification can also be used for estimating the number of trees, based on land use land cover (LULC) and the corresponding planting layout. The case study application is the Metropolitan City of Milan. Data used for classifying the tree canopy are based on high-resolution satellite imagery provided by the PlanetScope constellation. Based on the latter information, the work relies on the use of radiometric Vegetation Indices (VIs) to quantify the tree canopy. However, because the use of VIs can cause mixing of different types of vegetation, such as tree and grass, we used a stack of multi-temporal data from PlanetScope to retrieve per-pixel statistics for Red band and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The hypothesis here is that during spring-summer season tree canopy provides less variability than grass and/or agricultural fields. The approach provides an improved vegetation index capable of separating potential canopy-tree from other vegetation types. The result of the accuracy assessment shows an overall accuracy of 78.33% and 71.5% for the whole Metropolitan City of Milan and the City of Milan respectively.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: tree canopy
  topic: keywords
subject: urban forestation
  topic: keywords
subject: remote sensing
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
creator: Nicola Colaninno
creator: Ahmed H. Eldesoky
creator: Eugenio Morello
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8650

Ground level permeability as indicator of walkability in cities
type: item
description: For centuries, urban developments were dimensioned on a human scale. Cities had a limited number of inhabitants and a size which was not convenient to overtake so as not to exceed a balance point. Over time, after important discoveries in the field of transportation, these limits blurred. Mechanical transport systems made possible the expansion of cities because private cars allowed people to move easily and at a reduced cost. Then, the prioritization of vehicle traffic in streets grew at the expense of pedestrians. Street quality decreased gradually with this change, as authors like Jane Jacobs warned in the middle of the last century. After decades of urban sprawl, academic and political institutions call today for a totally opposite model. A shift towards compact cities, with mixed use neighborhoods and walkable streets is aimed nowadays. The study presented in this paper is focused on the last point, the promotion of streets designed for people to walk, enjoy and feel secure. Walkability is a concept that integrates several aspects related to street design with the aim of inviting people to move on foot. One of the aspects that affect walkability is the direct relationship between pedestrians and ground floors, both regarding the appearance and permeability of façades. Permeable ground level façades provide a connection between pedestrians and the surrounding buildings, making them feel secure and comfortable in the street. Some institutions have developed urban sustainability assessment tools which evaluate walkability of urban developments, among other parameters. Usually, a score system quantifies the degree of compliance of some metrics related to walkability. In this study, two metrics from the TOD Standard 3.0 assessment tool were applied to a case of study, both referred to ground level permeability. The objective is double: testing the system itself by getting some reference values and finding out the relation between the values in detail and their posit…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: walkability
  topic: keywords
subject: ground level
  topic: keywords
subject: compact city
  topic: keywords
subject: TOD Standard
  topic: keywords
creator: Judit López-Besora
creator: Isabel Crespo Cabillo
creator: Carlos Alonso Montolío
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8658

The Right to the City from residential exclusion: The evolution of vulnerable neighborhoods in the Valencian Community
type: item
description: The right to the city was a concept used for the first time by Lefebvre (1968) understood as that right of citizenship to constitute cities that respond to human needs. In this way, the needs of a city are nothing more than the express manifestation of the collective needs of its residents reflected in the urban and community space (Caravantes, 2018). The specific needs of the people who are an active and integral part of the cities can be added to the collective needs. The concentration of such needs, as well as phenomena linked to the residential environment, lead to the “accumulation of disadvantaged classes in cities” (Subirats, 2016, p. 43). On the other hand, Alguacil et al. (2014, p. 77) report that this accumulation refers to urban vulnerability, understood as “that potentiality of the population of a specific urban space being affected by some adverse circumstance (s). The social inequality and fragility that is generated in the structuring of certain territories and the location of social groups in them (Subirats, 2005), is explained through two different processes: the first one manifested through the socio-social profile. demographic and socio-economic community, where minority ethnic groups converge. Secondly, due to the structural characteristics of the neighborhoods, including the availability of resources and / or services and access to them. In this last point, the distancing of community resources determines the level of well-being available to the population and their deficiencies, they will mark their most sensitive points for the community. Based on this, there are different instruments at state and regional level that allow geographically identifying the location of vulnerable environments in cities. From the Atlas of Urban Vulnerability of the Ministry of Development, through autonomous studies such as the Social Risk Map of Zaragoza (MRSZ), the identification of areas of residential vulnerability in Barcelona, to the Viewer of Sensitive Urban…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Right to the city
  topic: keywords
subject: vulnerable neighborhoods
  topic: keywords
subject: Valencian region
  topic: keywords
subject: urban vulnerability
  topic: keywords
creator: Glòria Maria Caravantes López de Lerma
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8661

Comparative study of urban eco-efficiency. Case study: Sarrià district - Sant Gervasi
type: item
description: Based on the studies referring to the city as a dissipative structure and the information theory applied to the urban environment, this research focuses on the analysis of physical entropy (S), as an indicator of the degree of environmental deterioration generated by the Metabolism of the urban system and its relation with the production of negative entropy or neguentropía (H) that compensates the negative impact on the environment. This type of entropy was related to the Shannon theorem, which allows measuring the amount of information generated by a system, in this case, the neighborhoods to study. The information, expressed in bits, reflects the degree of complexity of the city, which is generally associated with the positive attributes of diverse and compact city models. The main problem related to this type of evaluation is the lack of disaggregated information at scales lower than those of cities (districts and neighborhoods), mainly with respect to physical entropy indicators such as energy consumption, waste production, among others. The objective of the study is to develop an example of a comparative environmental assessment methodology, which allows qualifying a specific urban environment in a simplified way, through a ratio applicable at different scales. This comparative study focuses on the analysis of the Sarriá - Sant Gervasi district of the city of Barcelona and the 6 neighborhoods that comprise it, in which the variables physical entropy (S) and the variable negative entropy (H) were calculated separately. Variable S was simplified only to the calculation of energy consumption by neighborhood and its correspondence in CO2 emissions, and variable S was calculated by applying the Shannon formula to 4 urban indicators related to the complexity and diversity of each neighborhood. For the calculation of S, the data on energy consumption and its correspondence in CO2 emissions at the district level, present in the Barcelona Energy Balance document, availa…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Eco-efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Entropy
  topic: keywords
subject: Neguentropia
  topic: keywords
creator: Leonardo Anibal Sepúlveda Navarro
creator: Josep Roca Cladera
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8662

Improving Local Climate Zones Automatic Classification Based on Physic-Morphological Urban Features
type: item
description: The Local Climate Zone (LCZ) classification scheme, introduced by Stewart and Oke (2012), offers promising opportunities for better studying the urban climate phenomena at the micro- and local scale (e.g. the urban heat island effect). However, although several methods have been introduced to apply the concept of LCZs to cities, only a few utilize publicly available data, like, for instance, the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT). However, to date, results are relatively rough, and frequent quality assessments demonstrate moderate overall accuracy. This paper proposes an approach for improving the quality of LCZ automatic classification, combining freely available multispectral satellite imagery together with morphological features of the urban environment. And, overall accuracy of 67% was achieved for the Metropolitan City of Milan with an improvement of 12% with respect to using only Landsat 8 multispectral and thermal data. This ascertains the physic-morphological nature of the LCZs and opens the possibility for mapping more accurate LCZs without the need for additional thermal information.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Local Climate Zones
  topic: keywords
subject: WUDAPT
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban Heat Island
  topic: keywords
subject: Remote Sensing
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmed Hazem Mahmoud Eldesoky
creator: Nicola Colaninno
creator: Eugenio Morello
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8663

Methodology to determine more sustainable locations for social housing complexes in Valdivia, Chile
type: item
description: Within the multiple decisions related to the development of social housing neighborhoods in Chile, the location of the complexes is especially relevant because of their potential to facilitate, or not, social mobility, access to better opportunities, and urban integration (Sabatini and Brain, 2008). In this sense, the housing policy has been insufficient, although it has incorporated specific incentives to improve the location, they are centralist application parameters that do not contribute to improving the condition of new neighborhoods in smaller cities, making the generation of incentives with a local approach. The Differential Location Grant (SDL) is part of the housing policy that seeks to address the deficiencies in housing and urban matters that have been perpetuated for more than 30 years in Chile. However, this policy has not fulfilled all its objectives, since its location parameters allow the location of social housing in sectors with poor access to equipment networks. Although it is requested to report the distance of travel for aspects such as transportation, health, and education in the formulas to obtain this incentive, they do not include, among others, measures for travel to places of employment (Brain et al., 2010). This is how it becomes valuable to investigate less explored variables in this decision-making, such as massive databases related to geo-referenced data. These are a powerful source of information to gather new responses and approaches to urban issues (Pentland, 2009). Taking into account that today there are numerous data sources for most of all cities, realities such as displacements, flows, land uses, among others, can begin to be modeled with high accuracy, in near-real time, with lower costs and Highest reliability. The volume of information provided by mobile phone antennas makes them capable of describing traces in different time-spaces (day, week, month) and for different groups, exposing how much, how and where people move in…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Housing
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Location
  topic: keywords
subject: ITC
  topic: keywords
creator: Daniel Alejandro Muñoz Velásquez
creator: Antonio Zumelzu
creator: Horacio Samaniego
creator: Gabriela Gonzalez
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8665

Parametric Modeling of Urban Coastal Areas: Visualizing Alternative Scenarios for Participatory Planning
type: item
description: Over the past decades, research on the use of prospective visualization as a means to communicate with and engage the community as actors in participatory planning processes has matured through methodological discussion, all the while exploring and incorporating new technology in representation and communication. The published results on experimentation with varying levels of abstraction/realism, simplicity/complexity and interactivity can clue planners developing participatory planning activities towards the most desirable tools and methods for their particular situation. This study reports on the use of parametrically generated urban landscape visualizations in the context of participatory planning as it took place during the participatory planning stages of the revision of city planning regulations in the municipality of Natal/RN, Brazil. Amongst more general definitions, planning regulations for the municipality include parameters that govern urban morphology, such as locally-defined maximum floor-to-area ratios (FAR), minimum setbacks and maximum building height, as well as special zoning that restricts land use as deemed necessary for the purposes of environmental protection, social or touristic interest. Additionally, specific cases of landscape-protecting regulations are in place on distinct locations along the beachfront and nearby zones. The abstract nature of these regulations can greatly limit the understanding of the related parameters’ values by non-expert population. While the revision of the municipal plan for Natal, which includes zoning and building regulations, scheduled for the year 2019, was required by law to include participatory planning stages, the methodology for this participation remained unclear. Whereas the construction industry-related interest groups have been intensely engaged in efforts to loosen building restrictions in environment and landscape protection zones, the general public has had little access to discussions pertaining th…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Participatory Planning
  topic: keywords
subject: Landscape Visualization
  topic: keywords
subject: Parametric Urban Modeling
  topic: keywords
creator: Helio Takashi Maciel de Farias
creator: Amiria Bezerra Brasil
creator: Fabricio Lira Barbosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8671

Green infrastructure as a tool for urban adaptation and mitigation in the city of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
type: item
description: Global warming is an unequivocal fact, increasingly affecting the ecosystems of the entire planet, with the increase in the increase of singular events (heat waves, torrential floods, droughts, gales, among others). Climate Change (CC), in addition, is reinforced in the cities by the presence of phenomena such as Urban Heat Island, air pollution, soil waterproofing or low albedo. In this sense, it is essential to radically rethink the historically inherited urban development model, promoting the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Likewise, it is necessary to know the effects of CC on the population and develop conducive methodologies to improve environmental conditions by adapting cities to Climate Change and reducing their effects on the population, from Territorial Planning, from urban design The objective of this research in the evaluation of temperature increases in the last ten years in the city of Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) will determine the most vulnerable areas to determine mitigation and adaptation strategies through green infrastructure. The methodology implemented is the collection of meteorological and urban data of the city, the data will be an evaluation of the information that will determine the times of the year and the most vulnerable urban areas in the city. These areas of greatest modification are the main mitigation and adaptation strategies through green infrastructure. The results obtained are that the city of Santo Domingo perceives a constant increase in temperature that is closely linked to certain environmental phenomena that have been occurring in recent years (drought, rainfall, among others). This increase is perceived mainly in the areas of the city where it lacks vegetation and urban permeability, generating floods in times of rain among other afflictions. An action plan is generated to achieve urban adaptation in these sectors.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Air temperature
  topic: keywords
subject: urban heat island
  topic: keywords
subject: urban growth
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
creator: Gilkauris María Rojas Cortorreal
creator: Julio Peña
creator: Jaume Roset
creator: Alison García
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8672

Cultural Heritage and the Digital Age
type: item
description: While it is true that historical centers have undergone a great transformation since the 1960s, it is no less true that there is still a distance between the cultural heritage of cities and the population. The area surrounding the heritage seems to be wrapped in an "intellectual" halo completely away from the citizen that is often not able to feel part of its wealth. On the other hand, nowadays, the relationship between us and the historical centers is affecting them badly due to the waves of tourists that accelerate the phenomenon of gentrification and pious the inhabitants thereof to other areas of the city. How can we reverse all this, bring heritage closer to citizens and raise awareness about the importance of caring for our historic centers? For the preparation of this study, bibliography related to concepts such as cultural heritage, dissemination, technological advances, anthropology and architecture has been consulted. Another tool used for the development of this article has been the internet, online specialized magazines, related articles and university papers that share study themes. The data used are the results of the studies found in the methodology section. The advances linked to the different industrial revolutions that have been taking place since the SXIX have led to a change that goes far beyond the production systems or the materiality itself. Nowadays, in fields such as art or architecture, the interaction of the work with the individual is increasingly explored. In architecture, practices such as cohausing, cooperatives or inclusive urban planning that uses citizen platforms such as Consul to generate a rapprochement between citizens and architecture are being multiplied. The digital revolution, the rise of open source or technological advances are some of the key concepts to understand this phenomenon. But how is all this affecting heritage? On the other hand, as French critic and historian Françoise Choay expresses perfectly in her Allegory …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: technology
  topic: keywords
subject: user experience
  topic: keywords
subject: space
  topic: keywords
creator: M Concepción Rodríguez Pérez
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8673

Dispersed growth and its metropolitanization process
type: item
description: The growth of the city of Boston has strengthened in the last two decades, developing an urban model composed mainly of suburbs of low and medium density, a characteristic pattern that mentions the theories of "Urban Sprawl". Therefore, this work will pay special attention to the gaze of James O'Connell, who tells us the historical process, the social effects, the events and the different public-private administrative decisions that have led her to become one of the largest metropolis in the world today. The interaction value is calculated to determine the level of polycentrism between municipalities, and an approach to the morphological analysis of discontinuity is proposed, one of the physical patterns that idealize urban expansion, proposed by Galster, et al (2001). To do this, the existence of “Sprawl” in the Boston metropolitan area (MAPC) will be analyzed based on the characterization of urban fabrics. For this it is necessary to obtain the growth of the multitemporal urban spot of the metropolitan area, to objectively assess the land consumption in the territory. To carry out the procedure, satellite image processing from NASA Landsat 5 TM was used, using SIG (remote sensing) technology, years 1985, 2002, and 2011 respectively. The objective is to calculate the BU (Build-up Index) or constructed area index, which shows that the higher the construction index, the lower the green area index (He, et al, 2010). It is necessary to observe how the soil cover changes (water and vegetation in relation to the artificialized surfaces), the results derived from this analysis will also be manifested in the study of the tissues revealing certain patterns of discontinuity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Metropolitanization
  topic: keywords
subject: sprawl
  topic: keywords
subject: polycentrism
  topic: keywords
subject: land consumption
  topic: keywords
creator: Fernando Javier Zambrano Loor
creator: Karen Adriana Pico Alonso
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8675

Climatic study in the High-Andean region and the analysis of bioclimatic indicators of potential application in architectural design
type: item
description: The integration of the related climatic and energy data directly in the conception of the urban habitat requires: (i) in first place , the knowledge first of all of the local climate, taking into account the modifications granted by the built environment, of the scale of the agglomeration, of the presence of the so-called islands of urban heat or the wells of freshness present in the immediate surroundings; and (ii) in a second place of the indices of the architectural parameters on the qualitative and quantitative aspects at the level of internal, external and transitional spaces of the buildings. The objective of the communication of this research work is to know the importance of climate studies and their relationship with bioclimatic indicators to be taken into account in the architectural design process. The methodology used for this research consists of collecting climatic data in two places proposed in the High-Andean region, specifically in the Junín region. Then is proceed to systematize and characterize the particular climate of the study areas. In a second time some diagnostic tools are used for bioclimatic design such as Givoni psychometric abacus, Olyay diagram and finally Mahoney tables. The data used is from official sources obtained from public institutions such as the National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru (SENAMHI), the Ministry of Environment, The National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, etc. As well as data taken at the site, that is, measurements made directly in the field in order to contrast and validate the official data. The selected locations are those that are located very close to the official weather stations. The preliminary results obtained show the relevance of this approach that deals with the study on the climatic integration of the traditional High-Andean rural habitat. Which has allowed us to make an evaluation of the alternatives suggested in each case, places of study, alternatives that would be valid for th…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bioclimatic design
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable architecture
  topic: keywords
subject: architecture and climate
  topic: keywords
creator: Jorge Luis Poma Garcia
creator: Lillian Garay
creator: Karolina Romero
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8676

Critical and Gender Urban Planning. Case Study in Coia, Vigo
type: item
description: Gender urban planning proposes daily life alternatives to achieve real equality between people within the framework of urban development. This work applies these theories in a specific spatial field, criticizing the public policies in urban matters started to date.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender urbanism
  topic: keywords
subject: Coia
  topic: keywords
subject: public politics
  topic: keywords
subject: gender mainstreaming
  topic: keywords
subject: daily life
  topic: keywords
creator: Ruth Pérez Costas
creator: Iván Julio Ramos Martínez
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8679

Measuring Gentrification Processes in Barcelona and Madrid: A Methodological Proposal
type: item
description: Western cities are witnessing first-hand significant transformations in their socio-spatial configuration. On the one hand, exclusive areas are expanding rapidly from the metropolitan centers due to an increasingly qualified immigration and the resurgence of central spaces linked to the location of new productive activities and the concentration of cultural, creative and innovative enclaves. On the other hand, recent studies show that low-income residents are displaced and concentrated in the most peripheral and deprived spaces, with less access to all kinds of services. As a result, different social groups would be moving away territorially. In line with the first process, gentrification is the most local and visible example to define the transformation of a neighborhood. The common element among the many interdisciplinary definitions that have been given to gentrification processes is that of population replacement, understood as a sociodemographic substitution resulting from the arrival of upper-middle class population that contributes to the expulsion of previous residents, usually with fewer resources. Although this process was conceptualized more than five decades ago, the quantitative approach to the process of substitution and displacement of the population has been less developed than its theoretical approach. Academics and public institutions at local and regional level have tried to measure gentrification from a quantitative perspective. These approaches have sought to categorize neighborhoods according to the intensity of the process using population, geographic and / or urban variables. However, the diversity of sources in each country and the complexity of measuring displacement and substitution processes through data, explain the lack of a common and standard methodology to measure these processes at an international level. In the Spanish case, the geographic limitations of the last population census, as well as its distance in time, was carried out i…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban change
  topic: keywords
subject: gentrification
  topic: keywords
subject: gentrification index
  topic: keywords
subject: Spain
  topic: keywords
creator: Antonio Lopez-Gay
creator: Joan Sales i Favà
creator: Miguel Solana Solana
creator: Andrés Peralta
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8680

Modelling a New Workflow Based on Emotional Analysis of the Floor-Plans Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Semiotics
type: item
description: The initial purpose of technology is to aid us in repetitive tasks. For example, in recent years, CAD programs are helping Designers to spend more time on the Design itself; being limited by the tool seems like a distant memory. Designers can generate complex forms and plans for their design, however, like our predecessors, we are still open to all kinds of mistakes. With the emergence of Artificial Intelligence, not only we can make machines do a specific task for us, but also learn to guess, predict, and plan for the future and avoiding the same mistakes over (Tech Innovations to Help Manage Project Data and Create New Ways of Designing, 2018). Specifically, Machine learning (ML) is a field of artificial intelligence that uses statistical techniques to give computer systems the ability to "learn" (e.g., progressively improve performance on a specific task) from data, without being explicitly programmed (Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, 2009). As Architects, we are all responsible for what we design and carry out, even further, we are responsible for the effects which our Buildings render into the world. Therefore, in Academia, we approach design as a practice of refinement, it's a process of Generating Alternatives and testing them, over and over, until finding the final option. This is Indeed, very similar to the way an automated machine works except machines are without human error. With the help of our current technologies, we can train machines to learn the design process and aid us in various tasks such as planning, optimization, and prediction for the outcome. One of the most fundamental aspects, regarding the design of a building, is the process of generating plans based on user’s needs; in which many factors are actively affecting the process. Many factors drive the generation/design of an architectural plan and Our Emotions towards a specific space is one of the important ones, which mostly and often dismissed by the Designer. By applying AI to this proce…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Emotional analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Patterns in Floor-plans
  topic: keywords
subject: Bias in the Design Process
  topic: keywords
subject: Semiotics in Design
  topic: keywords
creator: Nima Fatemi
creator: Jelena Nikolic
creator: Francesc d'Assis d'Assis Moreno, Noguer
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8681

Daily Mobility of University Students. Case of the Faculty of Architecture of the Central University of Ecuador
type: item
description: One of the issues that are permanently and increasingly on the metropolitan and local governments of Latin America agenda is urban mobility. This is due to its implications on efficiency, productivity and competitiveness of the city (WBCSD, 2013; UN-Habitat, 2015) as well as in the quality of life of its inhabitants, especially in relation to health and leisure (Miralles, 2010). In particular, Quito, the capital of Ecuador, has a set of variables that have hindered the management of urban mobility. This has affected all inhabitants, especially in their commute to work and school-. On this paper we will focus on the problem that university students have to commute. For this investigation the Faculty of Architecture of the Universidad Central Del Ecuador (UCE) has been taken as a case study. Central University Universidad Central Del Ecuador brings together more than 30% of students from Pichincha province, around 47,700 students. The problem is generated because of the location of Universidad Central Del Ecuador and its Faculty of Architecture. It is located in the city’s Hipercentro, which houses the twelve universities that the Metropolitan District of Quito (DMQ) has, and where daily 159 thousand students commute to. In addition to universities, there are businesses and urban facilities, where multitudes of citizen’s have to commute, generating 60% of public transportation and 40% of private transportation journeys (DMQ, 2014). On the other hand, in territorial terms, Quito has a linear city morphology of 42 km long and only 4 km wide (Cuenin & Silva, 2010), which extends from north to south. Therefore, Quito has a limited road network generating constant traffic and congestion problems. The DMQ public transport infrastructure consists of three axes: The Ecovía, the Trolebus, the Metrobús and soon Quito’s subway, these three transportation systems are interconnected to transport Quito’s cities’ from north to south. In that context, the objective of this paper is t…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Everyday mobility
  topic: keywords
subject: university students
  topic: keywords
subject: linear city
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Adriana Inés Olivares González
creator: María Isabel Orquera Jacome
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8692

Soil Resistance, The Invisible Landscape
type: item
description: Urban planning must help mitigate the effects of climate change, moderate the global rise in temperature and control the misuse of energy and hydrological resources. This research is based on a case study of the daylighting project on the river Kjørbekk in the Municipality of Skien in Norway. The project substitutes the actual storm water management in old pipes, to a visible nature-based solution (NBS), corresponding to a landscape infrastructure capable of retaining, infiltrating and transporting water and generating a new landscape of urban and territorial cohesion. The human-made underground is a challenge for urban projects that have traditionally focused on the physical definition and legislation of what is visible, paying less attention to the invisible underground. The project reveals inherent underground constraints such as old landfills, polluted industrial ground, existing fresh and sewage water systems, fiber cables, electricity, etc. This has been necessary to map as a `contemporary archaeology´ in order to enable the design of the new waterways as well as the areas of retention and infiltration. The transformation of the old infrastructure into a new storm water management project corresponds to a system change that has demanded a design of a process over time, including both private and public actors. The urban project is under a paradigm shift which includes uncertainty and where the dynamic and the management of risk becomes a part of the project.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Water
  topic: keywords
subject: subsoil
  topic: keywords
subject: urban project
  topic: keywords
subject: nature-based solutions (NBS)
  topic: keywords
creator: Celia Martínez Hidalgo
creator: Marja Skotheim Folde
creator: Elisabeth Sjødahl
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8699

Urban Interventions with A Sustainability Focus: Strategy Against Informality in Montería, Colombia
type: item
description: The main objective of this research is to analyze the urban interventions carried out after the approval of the first territorial planning plan of Montería (POT) in 2002 and its urban effects, mainly interventions designed to correct urban imbalances associated with informality in transport (motorcycle taxi), informal commerce and inappropriate use of public space. The work approach is quantitative and qualitative; on one hand, data on informality and urban projects are presented, and on the other hand, their effects are analyzed at urban and social levels. The methodology includes documentary technique and field technique. The first corresponds to a review of the territorial planning plan, municipal development plans, institutional reports and publications. The second corresponds to the participant observation and photographic records that allow verifying the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the mentioned interventions. The sources of information used are, among others: POT of Montería 2002-2015 and the development plans 2001-2003; 2004-2007; 2008-2011; 2012-2015 and 2016-2019. Among the results are: I) Social, urban and economic indicators of the city of Monteria before 2002, presented in the POT diagnosis and description of the five main long-term strategies of this plan, which allowed establishing the roadmap for the formulation of future development plans; II) The description of the main urban projects and interventions programmed in the development plans of the mayors Luis Jiménez Espitia, León Fidel Ojeda, Marcos Daniel Pineda García, twice, and Carlos Eduardo Correa. III) “Friendly Cities” Program as a strategy for efficient mobility and public transport of passengers of the National Development Plan 2006-2010 “Community State: development for all” approved by Law 1151 of 2007 and the incorporation of Montería to this program through CONPES document No. 3638 of February 1, 2010. IV) Climate Change Master Plan (PMCC) and the Action Plan 2032, Sustainable M…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban projects
  topic: keywords
subject: urban informality
  topic: keywords
subject: strategic public transport system
  topic: keywords
creator: Jhon William Pinedo López
creator: Carmen Lora Ochoa
rights: Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference Virtual City and Territory (CTV)
date: 2020-04-28
publication date: 2020-04-28
doi: 10.5821/ctv.8702